Ophthalmic Artery and Superior Ophthalmic Vein Blood Flow Dynamics in Glaucoma Investigated by Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Promelle Veronique, Bouzerar Roger, Daouk Joel, Iscar Claire, Milazzo Solange, Balédent Olivier
AI Summary
This study found glaucoma patients had significantly reduced pulsatility in superior ophthalmic vein blood flow, suggesting impaired venous outflow contributes to the disease.
Abstract
Precis: Ophthalmic artery (OA) and superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) blood flow were quantified by phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI) and seemed lower in glaucoma. Venous flow dynamics was different in glaucoma patients with a significantly decreased pulsatility.
Introduction
Studies using color Doppler imaging and optical coherence tomography flowmetry strongly suggested that vascular changes are involved in the pathophysiology of glaucoma, but the venous outflow has been little studied beyond the episcleral veins. This study measured the OA and the SOV flow by PC MRI in glaucoma patients compared with controls.
Methods
Eleven primary open-angle glaucoma patients, with a mean±SD visual field deficit of -2.3±2.7 dB and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness of 92±13 µ, and 10 controls of similar age, were examined by PC MRI. The mean, maximal and minimal flow over cardiac cycle were measured. The variation of flow (ΔQ) was calculated.
Results
The OA mean±SD mean flow was 13.21±6.79 in patients and 15.09±7.62 mL/min in controls (P=0.35) and the OA maximal flow was 25.70±12.08 mL/min in patients, and 28.45±10.64 mL/min in controls (P=0.22). In the SOV the mean±SD mean flow was 6.46±5.50 mL/min in patients and 7.21±6.04 mL/min in controls (P=0.81) and the maximal flow was 9.06±6.67 in patients versus 11.96±9.29 mL/min in controls (P=0.47). The ΔQ in the SOV was significantly lower in patients (5.45±2.54 mL/min) than in controls (9.09±5.74 mL/min) (P=0.04).
Discussion: Although no significant difference was found, the mean and maximal flow in the OA and SOV seemed lower in glaucoma patients than in controls. The SOV flow waveform might be affected in glaucoma, corroborating the hypothesis of an impairment of venous outflow in those patients.
MeSH Terms
Shields Classification
Key Concepts5
The variation of flow (ΔQ) in the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) was significantly lower in 11 primary open-angle glaucoma patients (5.45±2.54 mL/min) than in 10 controls (9.09±5.74 mL/min) (P=0.04) when measured by phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI).
The mean ophthalmic artery (OA) flow was 13.21±6.79 mL/min in 11 primary open-angle glaucoma patients and 15.09±7.62 mL/min in 10 controls (P=0.35) when measured by phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI).
The maximal ophthalmic artery (OA) flow was 25.70±12.08 mL/min in 11 primary open-angle glaucoma patients and 28.45±10.64 mL/min in 10 controls (P=0.22) when measured by phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI).
The mean superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) flow was 6.46±5.50 mL/min in 11 primary open-angle glaucoma patients and 7.21±6.04 mL/min in 10 controls (P=0.81) when measured by phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI).
The maximal superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) flow was 9.06±6.67 mL/min in 11 primary open-angle glaucoma patients and 11.96±9.29 mL/min in 10 controls (P=0.47) when measured by phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC MRI).
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