Effects of ranibizumab on growth factors and mediators of inflammation in the aqueous humor of patients with diabetic macular edema.
Utsumi Takuya, Noma Hidetaka, Yasuda Kanako, Goto Hiroshi, Shimura Masahiko
Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema reduced aqueous VEGF, PlGF, PDGF-AA, and IP-10. Baseline levels of PlGF, MCP-1, and IL-6 correlated with visual improvement, suggesting these are therapeutic targets.