Tezel Gülgün

Tezel Gülgün

This review highlights that glial cell neuroinflammation significantly drives glaucoma's retinal ganglion cell damage. Targeting this inflammation offers a broad, multi-target treatment strategy to protect vision.

Yang Xiangjun, Zeng Qun, Göktas Emre, Gopal Kalashree, Al-Aswad Lama, Blumberg Dana M et al.

Glaucoma patients showed fewer regulatory T cells and increased pro-inflammatory T-cell activity, suggesting impaired immune suppression which could contribute to neurodegeneration or serve as a biomarker.

Yang Xiangjun, Hondur Gözde, Tezel Gülgün

Antioxidant treatment in experimental glaucoma significantly reduced neuroinflammation (e.g., IL-1, TNF-α, NF-κB activation), supporting its potential as a neuroprotective immunomodulation strategy.

Yang Xiangjun, Hondur Gözde, Li Ming, Cai Jian, Klein Jon B, Kuehn Markus H et al.

This study found ocular hypertension alters hundreds of retinal proteins, reflecting adaptive stress responses (e.g., heat shock, antioxidants) before neurodegeneration, indicating potential glaucoma risk factors and individual susceptibility.

Tezel Gülgün

Proteomics studies identify differentially expressed proteins in glaucoma, revealing potential molecular mechanisms and biomarkers for future treatments and clinical diagnostics.

Tezel Gülgün, Thornton Ivey L, Tong Melissa G, Luo Cheng, Yang Xiangjun, Cai Jian et al.

This study found glaucoma patients have higher serum autoantibodies to specific retinal proteins (AIF, CREB, ephrin-A receptor, huntingtin), suggesting these disease-related antigens could be glaucoma biomarkers.

Tezel Gülgün, Yang Xiangjun, Luo Cheng, Cai Jian, Powell David W

This study found that glaucoma causes retinal astrocytes to activate inflammatory pathways, including TNF-α and NF-κB, distinct from RGCs. This reveals new astrocyte-targeted treatment avenues.

Yang Xiangjun, Luo Cheng, Cai Jian, Powell David W, Yu Dahai, Kuehn Markus H et al.

This study found that human glaucoma upregulates retinal proteins linked to TNF-α/TNFR1 signaling, revealing neurodegenerative and inflammatory pathways, offering targets for new therapies.

Luo Cheng, Yang Xiangjun, Kain Angela D, Powell David W, Kuehn Markus H, Tezel Gülgün

Glaucoma research found increased immune signaling via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in human eyes. Glial TLRs, upregulated by stress (HSPs, oxidative stress), may drive innate and adaptive immune responses in glaucoma.

Tezel Gülgün, Yang Xiangjun, Luo Cheng, Kain Angela D, Powell David W, Kuehn Markus H et al.

Glaucoma involves complement system dysregulation; oxidative stress downregulates complement factor H, potentially leading to uncontrolled neurotoxic inflammation.

Tezel Gülgün, Yang Xiangjun, Luo Cheng, Cai Jian, Kain Angela D, Powell David W et al.

Glaucoma increases retinal hemoglobin in RGCs and glia, suggesting an intrinsic protective mechanism to improve oxygenation and survival under stress.

Tezel Gülgün

Yang Xiangjun, Luo Cheng, Cai Jian, Pierce William M, Tezel Gülgün

This study found that in glaucoma, 14-3-3 proteins fail to sequester pro-death Bad protein in RGCs, leading to cell death. Maintaining this sequestration could protect optic nerve axons.

Tezel Gülgün, Luo Cheng, Yang Xiangjun

Glaucoma eyes showed increased advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) in retina/optic nerve, suggesting accelerated aging and potential contribution to neurodegeneration and tissue rigidity.

Tezel Gülgün, Yang Xiangjun, Luo Cheng, Peng Yong, Sun Sheher L, Sun Deming

This study found oxidative stress makes retinal/optic nerve glia present antigens more effectively, activating T-cells. This suggests oxidative stress drives immune responses in glaucoma, offering potential therapeutic targets.

Tezel Gülgün

Oxidative stress significantly drives glaucoma neurodegeneration by damaging retinal ganglion cells, impairing glia, and promoting inflammation, highlighting its central role in disease progression.

Tezel Gülgün, Yang Xiangjun, Cai Jian

This study found increased oxidative modification of specific retinal proteins in a rat glaucoma model, linking oxidative damage to neurodegeneration and identifying potential therapeutic targets.

Tezel Gülgün, Yang Xiangjun

This study found that RGC death from TNF-alpha or hypoxia has a caspase-independent component linked to mitochondrial dysfunction; combining caspase inhibition with free-radical scavenging offers better neuroprotection for glaucoma.

Tezel Gülgün, Wax Martin B

The immune system in glaucoma has conflicting roles, being both neuroprotective and neurodestructive. Understanding this balance is key to developing targeted neuroprotective therapies.

Tezel Gülgün, Chauhan Balwantray C, LeBlanc Raymond P, Wax Martin B

This study found retinal glial cells are activated in human glaucoma, with prominent ERK pathway activation in these cells, suggesting its role in glial activation and disease progression.

Tezel Gülgün, Wax Martin B