Concept Library

Glaucoma medications were predominantly dispensed to older individuals in New Zealand between 2012 and 2021.

Chloramphenicol, Latanoprost, and Hypromellose with Dextran were the most dispensed ophthalmic agents in New Zealand between 2012 and 2021.

A large language model (LLM) achieved an accuracy of 0.91 (sensitivity, 0.96; specificity, 0.91) for identifying medication non-adherence in clinical notes.

Branded and preservative-free prostaglandin analogue (PGA) prescribing, in preference to a generic equivalent, resulted in an additional cost of approximately £54 million in England between 2019 and 2024.

A broad trend towards generic prostaglandin analogue (PGA) prescribing was identified in England between 2019 and 2024.

The total cost for prostaglandin analogue (PGA) prescribing over 5 years (2019-2024) in England was £166 million for 21.9 million prescriptions.

For patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with 100% air tamponade, air travel (2,400 m cabin) was predicted to be safe after day 13.

For patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with C₂F₆ gas tamponade, air travel (2,400 m cabin) was predicted to be safe after day 22.

For patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with SF₆ gas tamponade, air travel (2,400 m cabin) was predicted to be safe after day 22.

For patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with 14% C₃F₈ gas tamponade, air travel (2,400 m cabin) was predicted to be safe after day 35.

Micropulse trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) significantly reduced mean intraocular pressure (IOP) by 10% (from 25.08±5.06 mm Hg to 22.56±4.89 mm Hg, p=0.005) in patients with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension 6 months post-treatment.

The total composite score of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) in the light perception (LP) cohort of patients with advanced non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa treated with UGX-201 increased by 3.72 points at Week 52 from baseline.

In the no light perception (NLP) cohort of patients with advanced non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa treated with UGX-201, all three participants restored light perception in the treated eyes at Week 2, Week 4, and Week 24 respectively, and two of them maintained light perception at Week 52.

In the light perception (LP) cohort of patients with advanced non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa treated with UGX-201, mean best-corrected visual acuity in the treated eyes showed a clinically meaningful improvement of 0.30 logMAR at Week 52, as assessed by Freiburg Visual Acuity and Contrast Test.

No serious ocular or systemic adverse events occurred during the 52-week follow-up period in patients with advanced non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa treated with a single intravitreal injection of UGX-201.

The all-polymer microfluidic theranostic smart contact lens (AP-TSCL) achieved intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering comparable to conventional topical therapy in in vitro (artificial eye model), ex vivo (enucleated bovine eyes), and in vivo (rabbit ocular hypertension) studies.

The all-polymer microfluidic theranostic smart contact lens (AP-TSCL) enabled autonomous intraocular pressure (IOP)-responsive glaucoma therapy without bulky electronic components in preclinical models.

Rates of epiretinal membrane (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 0.80-1.54, I^2 = 26.85%, moderate certainty), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.36-1.08, I^2 = 0%, moderate certainty), cystoid macular oedema, and macular hole were comparable between 360-degree laser and focal laser during pars plana vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Adjunctive 360-degree laser retinopexy during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) was associated with higher single-surgery anatomic success (SSAS) compared to focal laser, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.82 (95% CI, 1.40-2.39; I^2 = 0%; moderate-certainty).

Puerarin significantly reduced the intraocular pressure in glaucomatous rats.

The OptiDON-Guard is a reliable, interpretable, and clinically applicable tool for identifying dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), offering a valuable clinical tool to enhance the diagnostic precision of DON.

The OptiDON-Guard model maintained strong performance in an external test set, achieving an AUC of 0.854, accuracy of 0.816, sensitivity of 0.767, specificity of 0.842, and precision of 0.854 for identifying dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) data.

The OptiDON-Guard model achieved an AUC of 0.872, accuracy of 0.943, sensitivity of 0.667, specificity of 0.979, and precision of 0.943 in the internal validation set for identifying dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) based on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) data.

The machine learning model, OptiDON-Guard, demonstrated superior performance to individual models for identifying dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) in a retrospective, dual-center, cross-sectional study involving 346 thyroid eye disease patients.

Long-term exposure to topical anti-glaucoma medication (especially if preserved), longer duration of disease and therapy, together with older age and prior cataract surgery, may all have a significant adverse effect on Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) outcome.

Other statistically significant risk factors for failure of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) included duration of drop therapy, exposure to drop preservatives, disease duration, age, previous cataract surgery, lower pre-SLT intraocular pressure (IOP), and a lower SLT energy level.

At 12 months, the complete success rate of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) for eyes unexposed to drops was 62%, for those exposed to a moderate number of drops, 36-41%, and for those exposed to a high number of drops, only 2%.

A greater number of pre-Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) drop administrations was identified as a risk factor for failure of SLT.

At 12 months, the overall surgical success rate for surgical management of aqueous misdirection (AM) by endoscopic pars plana vitrectomy with hyaloido-zonulo-iridectomy, including lens removal if phakic, was 98.1% using the IOP criterion of ≥6 and ≤21 mmHg, and 75.5% using the IOP criterion of ≥6 and ≤18 mmHg, with no relapses observed, in 53 eyes from 46 patients with AM refractory to medical and laser therapy after intraocular surgery.

Postoperative complications occurred in 22 eyes (41.8%) following surgical management of aqueous misdirection (AM) by endoscopic pars plana vitrectomy with hyaloido-zonulo-iridectomy, including lens removal if phakic, in 53 eyes from 46 patients with AM refractory to medical and laser therapy after intraocular surgery; most complications were transient and resolved with medical or YAG laser treatment, with only one eye requiring glaucoma surgery.

Surgical management of aqueous misdirection (AM) by endoscopic pars plana vitrectomy with hyaloido-zonulo-iridectomy, including lens removal if phakic, increased the estimated mean anterior chamber depth (ACD) from 0.70  0.06 to 3.34  0.06 mm (p < 0.001) with complete anterior chamber reformation in all eyes, in 53 eyes from 46 patients with AM refractory to medical and laser therapy after intraocular surgery.

Surgical management of aqueous misdirection (AM) by endoscopic pars plana vitrectomy with hyaloido-zonulo-iridectomy, including lens removal if phakic, improved the estimated mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from 1.50  0.07 to 0.70  0.07 logMAR at 12 months (p < 0.001) in 53 eyes from 46 patients with AM refractory to medical and laser therapy after intraocular surgery.

Surgical management of aqueous misdirection (AM) by endoscopic pars plana vitrectomy with hyaloido-zonulo-iridectomy, including lens removal if phakic, decreased the estimated mean intraocular pressure (IOP) from 34.36  0.82 mmHg to 17.47  0.82 mmHg at 12 months (p < 0.001) in 53 eyes from 46 patients with AM refractory to medical and laser therapy after intraocular surgery.

Meta-correlation analysis found a moderate positive correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction in selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT)-treated eyes and contralateral eyes at 3-6 months (pooled Pearson's R = 0.65, 95% CI [0.54, 0.73]).

There was no significant difference (p = 0.91) in contralateral intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction between 360° and 180° unilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) 3-6 months post-procedure.

Subgroup analysis of unilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) demonstrated a mean contralateral intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction of 2.29 mmHg (95% CI [1.30, 3.29]) 3-6 months following 180° SLT.

Subgroup analysis of unilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) demonstrated a mean contralateral intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction of 2.21 mmHg (95% CI [1.06, 3.36]) 3-6 months following 360° SLT.

Unilateral selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) eyes resulted in a mean contralateral intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction of 1.85 mmHg (95% CI [1.23, 2.47]) 3-6 months after SLT.

In a prospective, real-world, multicenter observational study of 254 patients (344 eyes) with ocular hypertension or glaucoma, the rate of additional glaucoma procedures after ab-interno canaloplasty was 4.9%, including laser procedures, and no canaloplasty-related sight-threatening complications were reported.

In a prospective, real-world, multicenter observational study of 254 patients (344 eyes) with ocular hypertension or glaucoma, standalone ab-interno canaloplasty (n = 24 eyes) reduced mean glaucoma medication usage from 2.3 ± 0.9 preoperatively to 1.5 ± 1.6 at last follow-up (P < .01).

In a prospective, real-world, multicenter observational study of 254 patients (344 eyes) with ocular hypertension or glaucoma, combined ab-interno canaloplasty with phacoemulsification (n = 313 eyes) reduced mean glaucoma medication usage from 2.1 ± 1.1 preoperatively to 1.3 ± 1.4 at last follow-up (P < .001).

For patients who reached Anterior Chamber Cell (ACC) = 0 in a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled phase 3 trial, TRS01-treated patients benefited from statistically significantly improved safety outcomes for intraocular pressure (IOP) (including change from baseline and at each IOP threshold evaluated [P < .05]) versus steroid-treated patients.

In a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled phase 3 trial, TRS01 exhibited a superior intraocular pressure (IOP) safety profile compared to topical steroids in patients with active anterior noninfectious uveitis.

In a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled phase 3 trial, TRS01 was noninferior to topical steroids for controlling flare and ocular pain in patients with active anterior noninfectious uveitis.

In a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled phase 3 trial, 64% of patients treated with topical TRS01 1% experienced clinically meaningful improvement of ACC Grade = 0 or 1 (≤5 cells), compared to 89% of patients treated with prednisolone acetate 1% (95.1% CI: -0.33, -0.06; P = .0049).

In a randomized, double-masked, multicenter, active-controlled phase 3 trial, 48% of patients treated with topical TRS01 1% achieved Anterior Chamber Cell (ACC) Grade = 0 on Day 28, compared to 68% of patients treated with prednisolone acetate 1% (95.1% Confidence Interval (CI): -0.37, -0.02; P = .0311).

The mean number of glaucoma medications decreased from 3.17±1.47 to 2.75±1.70 (P=0.0369) following direct selective laser trabeculoplasty (DSLT) in 12 eyes of 8 phakic patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and patent laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI).