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J GlaucomaOctober 201678 citations

The Effects of Physical Exercises on Ocular Physiology: A Review.

Wylęgała Adam


AI Summary

This review found exercise generally benefits ocular physiology, including reducing IOP (dynamic exercise) and improving blood flow, potentially preventing common eye diseases.

Abstract

Sport has been known to be one of the most important factors in preventing cardiovascular disorders; some studies suggest its role in preventing neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the results of various studies regarding the effects of physical exercises on intraocular pressure (IOP), myopia, certain physical parameters of the eye, ocular blood flow, and retinal electrical function. Although dynamic exercises are known to reduce IOP from 1.2 to 5.9 mm Hg only for a short period of time, uncertainty persists about whether isometric exercises or activities such as yoga can increase IOP up to 16.7 mm Hg. There has been an established connection between the time being spent outdoor and reduction in the odds of myopia-2% less odds for every hour spent outdoor. Physical activity and the level of physical fitness have an impact on the changes of b-wave electroretinogram and P100. Physical exercises increase perfusion pressure up to 190% baseline and also increase choroidal blood flow up to 140%, thus providing more blood to retina. Sport-induced change on visual field is a subject of controversy. Majority of patients show a better ocular physiological function due to sports and sports are thus considered essential for preventing common ocular diseases. Further research should focus more on long-term effects of sport-induced changes in ocular physiology and newly discovered techniques may be utilized for such purposes.


MeSH Terms

ExerciseHumansIntraocular PressureMyopiaOcular Physiological PhenomenaPhysical FitnessSports

Key Concepts5

Dynamic physical exercises are known to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) from 1.2 to 5.9 mm Hg, although only for a short period of time.

MechanismReviewn=Various studiesCh3Ch28

Isometric exercises or activities such as yoga can increase intraocular pressure (IOP) up to 16.7 mm Hg.

MechanismReviewn=Various studiesCh3Ch28

There is an established connection between the time spent outdoors and a reduction in the odds of myopia, with a 2% less odds for every hour spent outdoors.

EpidemiologyReviewn=Various studiesCh10

Physical activity and the level of physical fitness have an impact on the changes of b-wave electroretinogram and P100.

MechanismReviewn=Various studiesCh5Ch7

Physical exercises increase perfusion pressure up to 190% baseline and also increase choroidal blood flow up to 140%, thus providing more blood to the retina.

MechanismReviewn=Various studiesCh5

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