Clement C. Tham

Normal-tension glaucoma: Current concepts and approaches-A review.

Finally, we review latest evidence on the role of minimally-invasive glaucoma surgery, lasers, and newer drugs. We conclude that IOP is not the only modifiable risk factors as, many vascular risk factors are readily modifiable.

Deep Learning for Glaucoma Detection and Identification of Novel Diagnostic Areas in Diverse Real-World Datasets.

A 3D convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on SD-OCT ONH cubes can distinguish glaucoma from normal cases in diverse datasets obtained from four different countries.

Phacoemulsification Versus Phacotrabeculectomy in Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma With Cataract: Long-Term Clinical Outcomes.

Phacoemulsification alone reduces IOP and the need for glaucoma drugs in PACG eyes with cataracts for up to 5 years.

Longitudinal Changes in Macular Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma With High Myopia: A Prospective Study.

VD in DCP reduced significantly more quickly in POAG eyes with high myopia over time. Density in the DCP reduced more quickly when baseline VD was low.

The AI revolution in glaucoma: Bridging challenges with opportunities.

Furthermore, bringing in large language models (LLMs) to act as interactive tool in medicine may signify a significant change in how healthcare will be delivered in the future.

Cost-effectiveness of Phacoemulsification Versus Combined Phacotrabeculectomy for Treating Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma.

Combined phacotrabeculectomy is a more cost-effective option for lowering IOP in PACG eyes with coexisting cataract, over a 2-year follow-up period.

Characterization of macular choroid in normal-tension glaucoma: a swept-source optical coherence tomography study.

We found significant alterations in macular choroidal vascularity (reduced CVI and thinner layer) in NTG patients.

Efficacy of bleb-independent penetrating canaloplasty in primary angle-closure glaucoma: one-year results.

Penetrating canaloplasty in PACG appeared to have good efficacy and safety profiles in this pilot study. Further studies are justified.

Combined Phacoemulsification-Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation versus Phacoemulsification Alone in Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Combined phacoemulsification plus ECP is noninferior to phacoemulsification alone in controlling IOP in PACG eyes with cataract.

Factors Associated With Long-term Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation in Primary Angle Closure Disease: The CUHK PACG Longitudinal (CUPAL) Study.

PACG eyes have greater IOP fluctuation than PAC/PACS eyes. Certain demographic, ocular, and systemic factors are associated with IOP fluctuation in PACD eyes.

Two-year outcome of phacogoniotomy for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataracts: a multicentre study.

PEI+GSL+GT is shown to be effective and safe in treating advanced PACG with cataract over a 2-year follow-up period. The combined surgery may be considered as an alternative for patients with advanced PACG.

Achieving Inner Aqueous Drain in Glaucoma Secondary to Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome: One Year Results of Penetrating Canaloplasty.

Penetrating canaloplasty rescued the inner aqueous outflow in ICE eyes and demonstrated acceptable success in IOP control with few complications, providing a new option for the management of GS-ICE.

Association of the CAV1-CAV2 locus with normal-tension glaucoma in Chinese and Japanese.

In this study, we confirmed the association of rs4236601 at the CAV1-CAV2 locus with NTG in Chinese.

Genetic Association of the PARL-ABCC5-HTR3D-HTR3C Locus With Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma in Chinese.

These findings enrich the allelic spectrum of ABCC5 in PACG.

Ten-Year Clinical Outcomes of Acute Primary Angle Closure Randomized to Receive Early Phacoemulsification Versus Laser Peripheral Iridotomy.

At 10 years, APAC eyes that underwent early phacoemulsification required less medication, less peripheral anterior synechiae, lower incidence of intraocular pressure elevation and a lower incidence of blindness compared with APAC eyes that underwent initial…

Two-Year Outcomes of Phacogoniotomy vs Phacotrabeculectomy for Advanced Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma With Cataract: A Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial.

Mean IOP reduction with phacogoniotomy was noninferior to phacotrabeculectomy for advanced PACG and cataract at 2-year follow-up with no differences detected in complete or qualified success or mean number of antiglaucomatous medications.

High Myopia Normative Database of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness to Detect Myopic Glaucoma in a Chinese Population.

The HM-specific normative database is more capable of detecting HMG eyes than the SS OCT built-in database, which may be an effective tool for differential diagnosis between HMG and HM.

Efficacy and Safety of Surgical Peripheral Iridectomy, Goniosynechialysis, and Goniotomy for Advanced Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma Without Cataract: 1-Year Results of a Multicenter Study.

The combination of SPI, GSL, and GT is a safe and effective surgical approach for advanced PACG without cataract. It has great potential as a first-line treatment option for these patients.

Impact of Peripheral Anterior Synechiae on the Outcome of Combined Phacoemulsification, Goniosynechialysis, and Goniotomy for Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma and Cataract: A Multicenter Observational Study.

PEI+GSL+GT has proven to be an effective treatment for PACG with cataracts over a 1 year period. However, the outcome was not correlated with the preoperative extent of PAS.

Risk of Normal Tension Glaucoma Progression From Automated Baseline Retinal-Vessel Caliber Analysis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

In this study, each SD decrease in the baseline CRAE or CRVE was associated with a more than 30% increase in the risk of progressive RNFL thinning and a more than 90% increase in the risk of VF deterioration during the follow-up period.

Intraocular Pressure Control Predicts Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thinning in Primary Angle Closure Disease: The CUPAL Study.

In treated PACD eyes, large IOP fluctuation is an independent predictor for subsequent progressive RNFL thinning in addition to high mean IOP during follow-up.

Outcome of Goniotomy Over 120, 240 and 360 Degrees in Juvenile Open Angle Glaucoma: A Multicenter Study.

240-degree and 360-degree GT showed similar efficacy in IOP reduction and were superior to 120-degree GT. More extensive GT may provide better outcomes in JOAG.

Lung Function as a Biomarker for Glaucoma: The UK Biobank Study.

Lower FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and impaired lung function are potential biomarkers for glaucoma risk. These findings may facilitate clinical strategies for glaucoma management, particularly for individuals with impaired lung function.

Genetic Associations of Primary Angle-Closure Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study revealed the genetic complexity of primary angle-closure disease, involving common SNVs and rare coding variants in more than 30 genes or loci, with ethnic and phenotypic diversities.

Association between leukocyte telomere length and incident glaucoma: A prospective UK biobank study.

This study suggested that LTL is not a major biomarker for incident glaucoma in the UK Biobank population. Further studies in different populations are warranted.

Peripheral Iridectomy With Goniosynechialysis and Goniotomy vs Trabeculectomy for Advanced PACG: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

In this randomized clinical trial among patients with advanced PACG without cataract, SPI + GSL + GT demonstrated noninferiority (4-mm Hg margin) to trabeculectomy for IOP at 12 months, with fewer interventions (including bleb massage, suture lysis, or releasable sutures) but no difference in postoperative medication use.

Large-Scaled Proteomics Analysis for Glaucoma: Integrated Genetics, Multi-Omics, UK Biobank and Therapeutic Analysis.

Our findings provide new insights into the proteomic basis of glaucoma and highlight promising opportunities for developing targeted therapies.

Association of polymorphisms in 17 loci with primary open-angle glaucoma in Chinese and Japanese.

This study confirmsrs938604,rs62283813,rs9913911 andrs4414666 as HTG-specific loci in Chinese and Japanese populations. These findings provide new insights into the genetic architecture of POAG, highlighting distinct molecular mechanisms between HTG and NTG subtypes.

Ocular and Systemic Risk Factors and Biomarkers for Primary Glaucoma: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews With Meta-Analyses.

This umbrella review highlights the evidence hierarchy of various ocular and systemic risk factors and biomarkers associated with glaucoma. Further high-quality studies are essential to strengthen the evidence base.

Genetic Association of Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Disease Progression.

This study demonstrated a role of LOXL1 in PACG and a sex-specific effect of ABCA1 in the Hong Kong Chinese population while suggesting a potential role of VAV3 in PACG progression, which has yet to…

Risk Factors for Visual Field Progression in Primary Angle Closure Disease Over 10 Years: The CUPAL Study.

Our findings underscore the importance of monitoring IOP fluctuation in PACG eyes and initial VFI slope in PACD eyes, supporting the implementation of tailored management strategies based on disease severity and refractive status.

Comment on: Quality of Life in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Cataract: An Analysis of VFQ-25 and OSDI from the iStent inject® Pivotal Trial.

Responses to: Phacoemulsification Versus Phacotrabeculectomy in Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma With Cataract: Long-term Clinical Outcomes.

Developing a privacy-preserving deep learning model for glaucoma detection: a multicentre study with federated learning.

The 3D FL model could leverage all the datasets and achieve generalisable performance, without data exchange across centres.

Genetic Associations of Primary Angle-Closure Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

In this study, we confirmed multiple polymorphisms in 8 genes/loci as genetic biomarkers for PACD, among which 3 were identified in a genome-wide association study (COL11A1, PLEKHA7, and PCMTD1-ST18), and 5 were identified in candidate gene…

Circadian Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation and Disease Progression in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma.

Significant differences in circadian IOP fluctuation between progressive and stable PACG eyes were identified. Large IOP fluctuations may be associated with disease progression in PACG eyes.