Axial elongation in nonpathologic high myopia: Ocular structural changes and glaucoma diagnostic challenges.
Kong Kangjie, Liu Xiaoyi, Fang Zige, Jiang Jingwen, Jiang Jiaxuan, Wang Deming, Yang Zefeng, Zhou Fengqi, Chen Evan M, Liang Jill
AI Summary
Ongoing axial elongation in highly myopic adults causes structural changes that complicate accurate glaucoma diagnosis, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods in this population.
Abstract
Axial elongation continues in highly myopic adult eyes, even in the absence of pathologic changes such as posterior staphyloma or chorioretinal atrophy. This ongoing axial elongation leads to structural changes in the macular and peripapillary regions, including chorioretinal thinning, reduced vascular perfusion and optic disc tilting and rotation, among others. These alterations can affect the acquisition and interpretation of optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography and fundus photographs, potentially introducing artifacts and diminishing the accuracy of glaucoma diagnosis in highly myopic eyes. In this review, we compared the progression patterns of axial elongation across populations with varying demographic characteristics, genetic and environmental backgrounds and ocular features. We also discussed the implications of axial elongation-induced ocular structural changes for diagnosing glaucoma in nonpathologic high myopia. Finally, we highlighted the prospects for enhancing the diagnostic efficacy of glaucoma in nonpathologic highly myopic populations.
MeSH Terms
Shields Classification
Key Concepts3
Axial elongation continues in highly myopic adult eyes, even in the absence of pathologic changes such as posterior staphyloma or chorioretinal atrophy.
Ongoing axial elongation in highly myopic adult eyes leads to structural changes in the macular and peripapillary regions, including chorioretinal thinning, reduced vascular perfusion, and optic disc tilting and rotation.
Alterations induced by axial elongation in highly myopic eyes can affect the acquisition and interpretation of optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography, and fundus photographs, potentially introducing artifacts and diminishing the accuracy of glaucoma diagnosis.
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