Longitudinal Change in Central Corneal Thickness in the Tema Eye Survey.
Mwanza Jean-Claude, Tulenko Samantha E, Budenz Donald L, Mathenge Elizabeth, Herndon Leon H, Kim Hanna Y, Hall Alyson, Hay-Smith Graham, Spratt Alexander, Barton Keith
AI Summary
This study found central corneal thickness thins over time, significantly faster in glaucoma patients than healthy individuals. This suggests CCT thinning may indicate glaucoma or its progression.
Abstract
Purpose
To determine the change and rate of change in central corneal thickness (CCT) and their determinants.
Design
Longitudinal observational population-based study.
Methods
A total of 758 normal and 58 glaucomatous subjects underwent complete eye examination, with CCT measurements at 2 separate visits. Change and rate of change in CCT were determined. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with change and rate of change.
Results
The mean follow-up duration was 8.4 ± 0.7 years. The overall change was -8.9 ± 16.7 μm in OD and -9.8 ± 16.2 μm in OS, both P < .0001. Changes in glaucomatous and normal subjects were -14.1 ± 2.2 μm vs -8.6 ± 0.6 μm in OD (P = .02) and -14.5 ± 2.2 μm vs -9.5 ± 0.6 μm in OS (P = .03), respectively. The overall rate of thinning was -1.1 μm/year (OD) and -1.2 μm/year (OS). Rates in glaucomatous and normal eyes were -1.7 ± 0.3 μm/year vs -1.0 ± 0.1 μm/year in OD (P = .02) and -1.7 ± 0.3 μm/year vs -1.1 ± 0.1 μm/year in OS (P = .03), respectively. Change and rate of change were associated with baseline CCT (ß = -0.1 to -0.09 and -0.011, respectively, all P < .001) and glaucoma (ß = -6.8 to -5.6, P ≤ .009, and -0.75 to -0.69, P ≤ .007, respectively).
Conclusion
CCT decreased significantly over time. The change and rate of change were greater in glaucomatous than normal eyes, and were greater than described in cross-sectional studies.
MeSH Terms
Shields Classification
Key Concepts5
The overall change in central corneal thickness (CCT) was -8.9 16.7 m in the right eye (OD) and -9.8 16.2 m in the left eye (OS), both with P < .0001, over a mean follow-up duration of 8.4 0.7 years.
Changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) in glaucomatous subjects were -14.1 2.2 m in the right eye (OD) and -14.5 2.2 m in the left eye (OS), compared to -8.6 0.6 m in OD (P = .02) and -9.5 0.6 m in OS (P = .03) for normal subjects.
The overall rate of central corneal thinning was -1.1 m/year in the right eye (OD) and -1.2 m/year in the left eye (OS).
Rates of central corneal thinning in glaucomatous eyes were -1.7 0.3 m/year in the right eye (OD) and -1.7 0.3 m/year in the left eye (OS), while in normal eyes they were -1.0 0.1 m/year in OD (P = .02) and -1.1 0.1 m/year in OS (P = .03).
Change and rate of change in central corneal thickness (CCT) were associated with baseline CCT ( = -0.1 to -0.09 and -0.011, respectively, all P < .001) and glaucoma ( = -6.8 to -5.6, P ≤ .009, and -0.75 to -0.69, P ≤ .007, respectively).
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