Corneal Configurations and High-order Aberrations in Primary Congenital Glaucoma.
Hu Yin, Fang Lei, Guo Xinxing, Yang Xiao, Chen Weiyin, Ding Xiaohu, Liu Xing, He Mingguang
AI Summary
This study found primary congenital glaucoma eyes have significantly increased corneal irregularity and high-order aberrations, even with minimal optic nerve damage, impacting visual outcomes.
Abstract
Purpose
Corneal changes are prevalent in eyes with primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). This study aimed to describe corneal irregularity and high-order aberrations (HOAs) in PCG eyes.
Materials and methods
The study consecutively enrolled 61 PCG eyes (of 39 participants with PCG) and 61 age-matched control eyes (of 61 healthy participants). Participants underwent corneal topography, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), and fundus photography. Corneal irregularity and HOAs were derived from topographic data and evaluated over central 4 and 6 mm diameter zones. Variables were compared between PCG and control eyes. Percentages of PCG eyes with abnormal corneal irregularity and HOAs were calculated.
Results
The median ages of PCG and control participants were 8.8 and 8.6 years, respectively. Irregularity and total HOAs across both 4 and 6 mm zones were greater in PCG than in control eyes. The median irregularity of PCG eyes was 2 to 5 times that of the controls, whereas, their median total HOAs were approximately twice those of the controls. Thirty-nine (64%), 53 (87%), and 40 (66%) PCG eyes had abnormal (either 4 or 6 mm zone) anterior irregularity, posterior irregularity, and total HOAs. Similar percentages were observed among eyes with a cup-to-disc ratio <0.6 (n=28). Among 13 eyes with cup-to-disc ratio <0.6 but abnormal 4 mm total corneal HOAs, 9 (69%) had BSCVA<20/25, whereas only 1 of 7 (14%) had BSCVA<20/25 among eyes with normal HOAs.
Conclusions
Abnormal corneal irregularity and HOAs are common in PCG eyes, even in those with limited optic nerve damage. These abnormalities relate to compromised visual outcomes.
MeSH Terms
Shields Classification
Key Concepts5
Corneal irregularity and total high-order aberrations (HOAs) across both 4 and 6 mm zones were greater in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) eyes (n=61) than in age-matched control eyes (n=61).
The median corneal irregularity of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) eyes (n=61) was 2 to 5 times that of age-matched control eyes (n=61), while their median total high-order aberrations (HOAs) were approximately twice those of the controls.
Among 61 primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) eyes, 39 (64%) had abnormal anterior irregularity, 53 (87%) had abnormal posterior irregularity, and 40 (66%) had abnormal total high-order aberrations (HOAs) in either the 4 or 6 mm zone.
Similar percentages of abnormal corneal irregularity and high-order aberrations (HOAs) were observed among primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) eyes (n=28) with a cup-to-disc ratio <0.6.
Among 13 primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) eyes with a cup-to-disc ratio <0.6 but abnormal 4 mm total corneal high-order aberrations (HOAs), 9 (69%) had best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) <20/25, whereas only 1 of 7 (14%) had BSCVA <20/25 among eyes with normal HOAs.
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