Pasquale Louis R

Digital technology, tele-medicine and artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: A global perspective.

As ophthalmic services adapt and form a "new normal", the rapid adoption of some of telehealth and digital innovation during the pandemic is also discussed.

Deep learning in ophthalmology: The technical and clinical considerations.

Technical and clinical aspects to build a DL system to address those needs, and the potential challenges for clinical adoption are discussed.

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Detect Visual Field Progression in Glaucoma Based on Spatial Pattern Analysis.

The archetype method can inform clinicians of VF progression patterns.

Assessment of a Large Language Model's Responses to Questions and Cases About Glaucoma and Retina Management.

This study accentuates the comparative proficiency of LLM chatbots in diagnostic accuracy and completeness compared with fellowship-trained ophthalmologists in various clinical scenarios.

The vital role for nitric oxide in intraocular pressure homeostasis.

These IOP-dependent changes in the outflow pathway tissues reduce the resistance to aqueous humor drainage and lower IOP, which, in turn, diminishes the biomechanical signaling on SC.

Philadelphia Telemedicine Glaucoma Detection and Follow-up Study: Methods and Screening Results.

An integrated telemedicine screening intervention in primary care offices and Federally Qualified Health Centers detected high rate of suspicious optic nerves, ocular hypertension, and retinal pathology.

Artificial Intelligence Classification of Central Visual Field Patterns in Glaucoma.

We quantified central VF patterns in glaucoma, which were used to improve the prediction of central VF worsening compared with using only global indices.

Intraocular Pressure, Glaucoma, and Dietary Caffeine Consumption: A Gene-Diet Interaction Study from the UK Biobank.

Habitual caffeine consumption was associated weakly with lower IOP, and the association between caffeine consumption and glaucoma was null.

Characterization of Central Visual Field Loss in End-stage Glaucoma by Unsupervised Artificial Intelligence.

In this study, central VF loss in end-stage glaucoma was found to exhibit characteristic patterns that might be associated with different subtypes.

Reversal of Glaucoma Hemifield Test Results and Visual Field Features in Glaucoma.

Using VF features may predict the GHT results reversal to WNL after 2 consecutive ONL results.

Association of APOE With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Suggests a Protective Effect for APOE ε4.

We have found that the APOE ε4 allele is associated with a reduced risk of POAG.

Race and Ethnicity Differences in Disease Severity and Visual Field Progression Among Glaucoma Patients.

Black, Asian and Hispanic patients had greater baseline severity vs.

Alcohol, Intraocular Pressure, and Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Although this meta-analysis suggests a harmful association between alcohol use and OAG, our results should be interpreted cautiously given the weakness and heterogeneity of the underlying evidence base, the small absolute effect size, and the borderline statistical significance.

Consensus Recommendation for Mouse Models of Ocular Hypertension to Study Aqueous Humor Outflow and Its Mechanisms.

In this review, we describe a set of minimum acceptable standards for developing, characterizing, and utilizing mouse models of open-angle ocular hypertension.

Prospective Study of Oral Health and Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Men: Data from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.

Although the number of natural teeth was not associated with risk of POAG, recent tooth loss was associated with an increased risk of POAG.

Association of Statin Use and High Serum Cholesterol Levels With Risk of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Among adults aged 40 years or older, higher serum cholesterol levels were associated with higher risk of POAG, while 5 or more years of statin use compared with never use of statins was associated with…

Agreement and Predictors of Discordance of 6 Visual Field Progression Algorithms.

This extremely large comparative series demonstrated that existing algorithms have limited agreement and that agreement varies with clinical parameters, including institution.

Monitoring Glaucomatous Functional Loss Using an Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Dashboard.

The AI-enabled glaucoma dashboard, developed using a large VF dataset containing a broad spectrum of visual deficit types, has the potential to provide clinicians with a user-friendly tool for determination of the severity of glaucomatous…

The Association Between Body Mass Index and Open-angle Glaucoma in a South Korean Population-based Sample.

Lower BMI was associated with increased odds of OAG in a sample of the South Korean population. Multivariate analysis revealed the association to be statistically significant in women and those in the youngest age stratum.

Machine-Identified Patterns of Visual Field Loss and an Association with Rapid Progression in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study.

An automated machine learning system can identify patterns of VF loss and could provide objective and reproducible nomenclature for characterizing early signs of visual defects and rapid progression in patients with glaucoma.

The Association between Serum Lipids and Intraocular Pressure in 2 Large United Kingdom Cohorts.

Our findings suggest that serum TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C are associated positively with IOP in 2 United Kingdom cohorts and that triglyceride levels may be associated negatively.

The Association of Physical Activity with Glaucoma and Related Traits in the UK Biobank.

Higher overall PA level and greater time spent in moderate and vigorous PA were not associated with glaucoma status but were associated with thicker mGCIPL.

The Association of Alcohol Consumption with Glaucoma and Related Traits: Findings from the UK Biobank.

Alcohol intake was consistently and adversely associated with glaucoma and related traits, and at levels below current United Kingdom (< 112 g/week) and United States (women, < 98 g/week; men, < 196 g/week) guidelines.

Association of a Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genetic Risk Score With Earlier Age at Diagnosis.

A higher dose of POAG risk alleles was associated with an earlier age at glaucoma diagnosis.

The Ability of Nitric Oxide to Lower Intraocular Pressure Is Dependent on Guanylyl Cyclase.

Breathing NO reduced IOP and increased outflow facility in a GC-dependent manner in mice. Exposure of ovine eyes to NO lowers IOP.

An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Assess Spatial Patterns of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Maps in Glaucoma.

Using RPs improved the VF prediction compared with using sectoral RNFLTs.

Deep Ocular Phenotyping Across Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genetic Burden.

Results suggest that PRS identified a group of individuals at substantially higher risk for POAG.

Microvasculature of the Optic Nerve Head and Peripapillary Region in Patients With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

The image processing methodology based on the anatomic boundary of ONH demonstrated compromised microvasculature in the deep ONH and peripapillary region in eyes with mild to moderate POAG, regardless of the history of DH.

Calcium Channel Blocker Use and Associated Glaucoma and Related Traits Among UK Biobank Participants.

In this study, an adverse association between CCB use and glaucoma was observed, with CCB users having, on average, 39% higher odds of glaucoma.

Cohort Study of Race/Ethnicity and Incident Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Characterized by Autonomously Determined Visual Field Loss Patterns.

Blacks, compared to non-Hispanic whites, had higher risks of POAG with early central and advanced VF loss.

Reporting Harm in Glaucoma Surgical Trials: Systematic Review and a Consensus-Derived New Classification System.

Glaucoma surgical randomized controlled trials report frequency of complications, but their severity is rarely reported.

Relationship Between Central Retinal Vessel Trunk Location and Visual Field Loss in Glaucoma.

CRVTL nasalization is significantly and exclusively correlated to central VF loss for all glaucoma severities independent of cpRNFLT, and thus might be a structural biomarker of central VF loss.

Polygenic Risk Scores for Glaucoma Onset in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study.

Higher PRS was associated with increased risk for POAG in patients with ocular hypertension. The inclusion of a PRS improved the prediction of POAG onset.

The Association of Female Reproductive Factors with Glaucoma and Related Traits: A Systematic Review.

The association between PMH use and lower IOP or OAG risk is a potentially clinically relevant and modifiable risk factor and should be investigated further, although this needs to be interpreted in the context of a high risk of bias across included studies.

Predicting Global Test-Retest Variability of Visual Fields in Glaucoma.

Inclusion of archetype VF loss patterns and TD values based on first VF improved the prediction of the global test-retest variability than using traditional global VF indices alone.

Myocilin Mutations in Patients With Normal-Tension Glaucoma.

In cohorts 1 and 2, the p.Gln368Ter mutation in MYOC was found in patients with IOPs that were 21 mm Hg or lower (NTG), although at a frequency that is lower than previously detected in patients with higher IOP.

Genetic Correlations Between Diabetes and Glaucoma: An Analysis of Continuous and Dichotomous Phenotypes.

These analyses suggest that there is limited genetic correlation between diabetes- and glaucoma-related traits.

Nailfold Capillaroscopy of Resting Peripheral Blood Flow in Exfoliation Glaucoma and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Decreased resting peripheral capillary blood flow may occur in patients with XFG and NTG compared with individuals without glaucoma. These findings may contribute to understanding the possible systemic nature of glaucoma.

Prospective study of flavonoid intake and risk of primary open-angle glaucoma.

Total flavonoid intake was not associated with POAG risk. Greater intakes of flavonols and monomeric flavanols and of tea showed suggestive modest associations with lower risk; these results need confirmation.

LOXL1 Polymorphisms: Genetic Biomarkers that Presage Environmental Determinants of Exfoliation Syndrome.

Prospective studies have also implicated higher coffee consumption and lower dietary folate intake in association with incident XFS.

Comparison of swept-source and enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in quantitative characterisation of the optic nerve head.

LCDH, LCDV and thinnest BMO-MRW measurements are not interchangeable between SS-OCT and EDI-OCT, but show good intrareader and inter-reader reproducibility and interdevice agreement for quantitative characterisation of the ONH, particularly among patients with glaucoma.

Testosterone Pathway Genetic Polymorphisms in Relation to Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: An Analysis in Two Large Datasets.

Collectively, testosterone metabolism pathway SNPs were consistently associated with the high-tension subtype of POAG in two datasets.

Paired Optic Nerve Microvasculature and Nailfold Capillary Measurements in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Patients with POAG demonstrated morphologic and hemodynamic alterations in both ophthalmic and nailfold microvascular beds compared to controls.

Trabeculectomy Must Survive!

Glaucoma Management in Patients With Aniridia and Boston Type 1 Keratoprosthesis.

Despite a higher glaucoma prevalence, eyes with aniridia achieved similar VA as comparison eyes with more than 5 years of mean follow-up time.

Philadelphia Telemedicine Glaucoma Detection and Follow-up Study: Analysis of Unreadable Fundus Images.

Understanding the causes of unreadable fundus images will foster improvements in telemedicine techniques to optimize the predictive accuracy, efficiency, and cost in ophthalmology.

Racial Differences in the Effects of Hormone Therapy on Incident Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Randomized Trial.

Analysis suggests that HT containing estrogen, but not a combination of estrogen and progesterone, reduces the risk of incident OAG among African-American women. Further investigation is needed.

Development of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma-Like Features in a Rhesus Macaque Colony From Southern China.

Members of a nonhuman primate colony exhibit important ophthalmic features of human primary open-angle glaucoma.

Effect of Low-Fat Dietary Modification on Incident Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Analysis suggests that DM in participants in the lowest quartile group for percentage calories from total fat at baseline increased the risk of incident OAG among women regardless of age or race.

Restoration of Vision in Severe, Cicatricial, Ocular Surface Disease With the Boston Keratoprosthesis Type II.

Advances in device design and postoperative care have made implantation of BK2 a viable option for corneal blindness in the setting of severe cicatricial OSD.

Baseline Age and Mean Deviation Affect the Rate of Glaucomatous Vision Loss.

Older age and worse MD at baseline are associated with more rapid VF progression in this large dataset.

A Role for Clusterin in Exfoliation Syndrome and Exfoliation Glaucoma?

Future studies investigating rare CLU variation and other complex interactions including gene-gene interactions in XFS/XFG cases and controls may also be fruitful.

Fundus Densitometry Findings Suggest Optic Disc Hemorrhages in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Have an Arterial Origin.

DH have densitometry profiles comparable to MA and different from RVO, suggesting that DH in glaucoma have an arterial origin.

Long-term Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Exfoliation Glaucoma or Glaucoma Suspect Status among United States Health Professionals.

Long-term alcohol consumption was associated with a higher risk of XFG/XFGS status. Our findings provide further clues regarding the XFG/XFGS etiology.

Development and Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms to Determine Visual Field Progression.

MLCs showed a moderate to high level of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity and were more balanced than conventional algorithms.

An Association Between Large Optic Nerve Cupping and Cognitive Function.

Postmenopausal women who had large cup-to-disc ratio without glaucoma or ocular hypertension exhibited lower global cognitive function. Further investigation is warranted.

An Objective and Easy-to-Use Glaucoma Functional Severity Staging System Based on Artificial Intelligence.

We discovered that 4 severity levels based on MD thresholds of -2.2, -8.0, and -17.3 dB, provides the optimal number of severity stages based on unsupervised and supervised machine learning.

Angle Anatomy and Glaucoma in Patients With Boston Keratoprosthesis.

The temporal angle was the most visible on AS-OCT in eyes with a KPro. Significant narrowing of the temporal angle detected on AS-OCT was associated with glaucoma in these eyes.

Unsupervised Machine Learning Identifies Quantifiable Patterns of Visual Field Loss in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Archetypal analysis identifies quantifiable, archetypal VF defects that resemble those commonly seen in IIH.

Cohort Study of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer and the Risk of Exfoliation Glaucoma.

NMSC was associated with higher XFG risk, particularly among younger participants and those living in the Northern US.

Philadelphia Telemedicine Glaucoma Detection and Follow-up Study: Intraocular Pressure Measurements Found in a Population at High Risk for Glaucoma.

In this telemedicine vision screening setting, having a higher IOP at the screening visit increased the likelihood of receiving a final diagnosis of glaucoma.

Use of Diagnostic Codes for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Polygenic Risk Score Construction in Electronic Health Record-Linked Biobanks.

A POAG PRS performed similarly using either manual review or ICD codes in 2 electronic health record-linked biobanks; manual assessment of glaucoma status might not be necessary for some PRS studies.

Prediagnostic Plasma Metabolomics and the Risk of Exfoliation Glaucoma.

In plasma from a decade before diagnosis, lysophosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were positively associated and triacylglycerols and steroids (e.g., cortisone) were inversely associated with XFG risk.

Statin Use in Relation to Intraocular Pressure, Glaucoma, and Ocular Coherence Tomography Parameters in the UK Biobank.

We found no evidence of a protective association between statin use and glaucoma or related traits after adjusting for key confounders.

The Prevalence of Autoimmune Diseases in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgeries.

A higher prevalence of AiD was found in POAG patients compared with control patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery.

Early-onset Exfoliation Syndrome: A Literature Synthesis.

All reported early-onset XFS and XFG cases arise in the setting of events that produced a significant disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier.

Mitochondrial TXNRD2 and ME3 Genetic Risk Scores Are Associated with Specific Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Phenotypes.

Patients with POAG with higher TXNRD2 and ME3 GRSs showed higher treated IOP and a greater prevalence of paracentral field loss.

Variability and Power to Detect Progression of Different Visual Field Patterns.

Time to detect central VF progression was reduced with 10-2 MD compared with 24-2 and C24-2 MD in glaucoma eyes in this large dataset, in part because 10-2 tests had lower variability.

Artificial Intelligence and Glaucoma: Illuminating the Black Box.

Deep Learning for Localized Detection of Optic Disc Hemorrhages.

An autonomous object detection model is superior to an image classification model for detecting disc hemorrhages, and performed comparably to 2 clinicians.

Genetic Associations Between Smoking- and Glaucoma-Related Traits.

MR experiments and GRS generated from Rotterdam Study participants support an inverse relationship between smoking and glaucoma.

Comparison of Structural and Functional Features in Primary Angle Closure and Open Angle Glaucomas.

Patients with PACG had less structural damage than patients with POAG despite similar degrees of functional loss.

Outcomes of the Second Aqueous Shunt Implant Versus Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation Treatment Study: A Randomized Comparative Trial.

Short-term overall success rates were high with either SGDD or CPC. However, SGDD was associated with more clinic visits and an increased risk of additional glaucoma surgery.

The Clinical Usefulness of a Glaucoma Polygenic Risk Score in 4 Population-Based European Ancestry Cohorts.

Incorporating a PRS into a POAG predictive model improves identification concordance from 0.75 up to 0.82, supporting its potential for guiding more cost-effective screening strategies.

Using Multi-Layer Perceptron Driven Diagnosis to Compare Biomarkers for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.

Neural network models indicate that OCTA optic nerve head vascular biomarkers are equally useful for ML diagnosis of POAG when compared to OCT structural biomarker features alone.

The Association of Urinary Sodium Excretion with Glaucoma and Related Traits in a Large United Kingdom Population.

Urinary sodium excretion, a biomarker of dietary intake, may represent an important modifiable risk factor for glaucoma, especially in individuals at high underlying genetic risk.

Inter-Eye Association of Visual Field Defects in Glaucoma and Its Clinical Utility.

VF patterns of the worse eye are predictive of VF defects in the better eye.

Densitometric Profiles of Optic Disc Hemorrhages in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study.

OHTS DH had densitometric measurements more similar in magnitude to adjacent arterioles than venules, supporting an arterial origin for DH. Vascular dysregulation may contribute to disc hemorrhage formation in ocular hypertension.

Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Polygenic Risk Score and Risk of Disease Onset: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

These findings support considering use of a POAG PRS threshold to identify individuals at low risk of disease onset, with those below the PRS threshold more likely to have lower conversion rates over 20 years.

Prospective study of dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and the risk of primary open-angle glaucoma.

Higher dietary intake of BCAA was not associated with POAG risk.

Head and Neck Region Dermatological Ultraviolet-Related Cancers are Associated with Exfoliation Syndrome in a Clinic-Based Population.

Head and neck region BCCs or SCCs are associated with a higher risk of having XFS or XFG.

Burden of Trabeculectomy and Glaucoma Drainage Implantation after Laser Trabeculoplasty: A Two-Year Follow-up Study.

Laser trabeculoplasty did not alter the need for subsequent incisional glaucoma surgery among glaucoma suspects or patients with mild OAG. Regardless of treatment with LTP, African heritage and OAG diagnosis status were risk factors for requiring glaucoma surgery.

Transformer-Based Deep Learning Prediction of 10-Degree Humphrey Visual Field Tests From 24-Degree Data.

The predicted 10-2 VF has the potential to improve glaucoma diagnosis.

Notice of Retraction and Replacement. Kang et al. Association of statin use and high serum cholesterol levels with risk of primary open-angle glaucoma. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2019;137(7):756-765.

Does Age Modify the Relation Between Genetic Predisposition to Glaucoma and Various Glaucoma Traits in the UK Biobank?

With increasing age, an mtGPRS was a better predictor of higher IOP and glaucoma prevalence. It is useful to consider chronological age with genetic information in designing glaucoma screening strategies.

Lessons From The Glaucoma Foundation Think Tank 2023: A Patient-Centric Approach to Glaucoma.

The experts agreed on the importance of genetics in defining individual POAG risk and highlighted the additional crucial role of lifestyle, gender, blood pressure, and vascular risk factors.

How Can We Quantify and Compare Harm in Surgical Trials?

Analysis of harm data in clinical trials needs further attention.

A Convergence of Ophthalmic and Life-threatening Emergencies: Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

This case of a complete third nerve palsy in the setting of a subarachnoid hemorrhage leading to acute angle closure highlights the importance of ruling out this life-threatening diagnosis when neurological signs of increased intracranial…

Assessing the Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Clinical Summaries From Ambulatory Glaucoma Subspecialty Clinical Encounters.

Although LLaMA 2 is not yet reliable as a standalone clinical tool, it shows promise to improve clinical communication.

Geographic Distribution of Access to Glaucoma Surgery: An IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) Analysis.

Patients are more likely to receive most types of glaucoma surgeries in urban practice locations.

Childhood or adolescent abuse and primary open-angle glaucoma in a longitudinal cohort of women.

While any childhood/adolescence abuse history was not associated with POAG, the modest adverse associations with early-life sexual abuse history warrant confirmation in future studies.

Glaucoma Genetics: Lessons Learned and the New Frontier.

Priorities for future work include the discovery of novel genes and genetic causality, as well as functional studies to define molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathophysiology.

An Association Between Large Optic Cupping and Total and Regional Brain Volume: The Women's Health Initiative.

Our analysis suggests that in women aged 65 years or more, large CDR is associated with lower relative total brain volume and absolute regional volume in the frontal and occipital lobes.

Direct Costs of Second Aqueous Shunt Implant Versus Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation (The Assists Trial).

The total direct cost in the SGDD group was more than double that in the CPC group, driven largely by the cost of the study procedure.

Iris Mass and Secondary Glaucoma: The Presenting Sign of Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Pro-Homeostatic Effects of Estrogen on Intraocular Pressure and the Trabecular Meshwork.

These findings suggest that estrogen signaling promotes homeostatic TM regulation of IOP.

ChatGPT-Assisted Glaucoma Diagnosis: A Health-Equitable Multi-Ancestry Analysis Using Visual Field and Optical Coherence Tomography Data.

ChatGPT o1 Pro diagnosed glaucoma similarly to specialists using only VF and OCT data. The model performance was similar across ancestral groups and genetic predispositions to glaucoma.

Dual-Level Pattern Tree for Visual Field Improves Glaucoma Progression and Polygenic Risk Prediction.

Trunk-branch VF classifiers were superior to trunk-only characterizations for predicting functional progression and glaucoma PRS.

Female Reproductive Factors in Relation to Risk of Exfoliation Glaucoma or Glaucoma Suspect.

Later age at menarche was associated with a lower XFG/XFGS risk. Surgical versus natural menopause was inversely associated with XFG/XFGS risk only among those with high genetic susceptibility. These results need confirmation.

The Impact of Myopia on Regional Visual Field Loss and Progression in Glaucoma.

Lower SE values are associated with worse paracentral VF loss. Worse myopia is associated with functional progression, even when excluding patients with high myopia.

Genetic Risk for Open-Angle Glaucoma Subtypes Is Associated with Specific Visual Field Defect Classes.

Higher POAG PRSs and NTG PRSs were associated with paracentral VF loss, whereas higher HTG GRS was linked to total VF loss, but not paracentral defects.

Disc Hemorrhages in Open-Angle Glaucoma-Between a Rock and a Hard Place?

Impact of Demographics on Regional Visual Field Loss and Deterioration in Glaucoma.

Blacks and non-English speakers have more severe VF loss, with superior hemifield being more affected and faster VF worsening.

Technology and Methodology in Glaucoma Case Detection.

Even the most powerful handheld screening tool for glaucoma will not find cases cost-effectively because the disease prevalence is low.

Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom.

Self-reported oral health was not associated with elevated IOP or an increased risk of glaucoma. Future studies should confirm the null association between clinically diagnosed oral health conditions and glaucoma.

Response to Letter to the Editor: Early-onset Exfoliation Syndrome: A Literature Synthesis.

Reply.

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Role in Glaucoma?

Assessing the Association of Mitochondrial Genetic Variation With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Using Gene-Set Analyses.

We present an effective approach for assessing the contributions of mitochondrial genetic variation to open-angle glaucoma.

Exfoliation syndrome: assembling the puzzle pieces.

Meeting participants concluded that it is unclear how the mild homocysteinemia seen in XFS might contribute to the disarrayed extracellular aggregates characteristic of this syndrome.

A Common Variant in MIR182 Is Associated With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in the NEIGHBORHOOD Consortium.

Our integrative study is the first to associate rs76481776 with POAG via elevated miR-182 expression.

Comparison of Peristat Online Perimetry with the Humphrey Perimetry in a Clinic-Based Setting.

Peristat online perimetry exhibits a reasonable ROC curve without specialized equipment and exhibited significant correlation with the conventional 24° Humphrey visual field test.

Oral Contraceptive Use and Prevalence of Self-Reported Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension in the United States.

Oral contraceptive use may be associated with increased risk of self-reported glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Association of Dietary Nitrate Intake With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Prospective Analysis From the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study.

Higher dietary nitrate and green leafy vegetable intake was associated with a lower POAG risk, particularly POAG with early paracentral VF loss at diagnosis.

Ophthalmic and Glaucoma Treatment Characteristics Associated With Changes in Health-related Quality of Life Before and After Newly Diagnosed Primary Open-angle Glaucoma in Nurses' Health Study Participants.

Among patients with incident glaucoma, no major factors were associated with change in physical well being.

Drug-induced Bilateral Secondary Angle-Closure Glaucoma: A Literature Synthesis.

Several compound preparations were implicated in drug-induced bilateral 2° ACG.

Nailfold Capillary Abnormalities in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Multisite Study.

These data provided support for nonocular capillary bed abnormalities in POAG. Comparable vascular abnormalities in the optic nerve may render it susceptible to glaucomatous damage.

Author Response: Comparison of Risk Factor Profiles for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Subtypes Defined by Pattern of Visual Field Loss: True Risk Factors or Arbituary Definition?

Comparison of Risk Factor Profiles for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Subtypes Defined by Pattern of Visual Field Loss: A Prospective Study.

These data indicate that POAG with early paracentral VF loss has distinct as well as common determinants compared with POAG with peripheral VF loss.