Chapter 29: Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists

Meshi Amit, Giladi Nir, Zahavi Alon et al.

This study found topical beta-blockers for glaucoma were not associated with increased Parkinson's disease risk, suggesting they are a safe treatment option.

Yoshida Yuto, Harano Akiko, Miki Takako et al.

This study found that for low prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy, trabeculectomy had better surgical success than Ahmed valves. For high periorbitopathy, outcomes were similar. This suggests PAP severity should guide surgical choice.

Ma Chu Jian, Zhang Youning, Bernards Daniel A et al.

A study of injectable timolol devices in rabbits found both intracameral and intravitreal delivery safely lowered IOP, with intravitreal yielding better target tissue drug levels, offering a promising, adherence-free glaucoma treatment.

Mansouri Kaweh, Rao Harsha Laxmana, Weinreb Robert N

This study found BB-PGA combinations significantly reduce 24-hour IOP and its fluctuations more than BBs or BB-CAIs, highlighting their superior efficacy for glaucoma management.

Bacharach Jason, Brubaker Jacob W, Evans David G et al.

Two studies found omidenepag isopropyl effectively lowers IOP in glaucoma/OHT, non-inferior to timolol over 3 months, with sustained 12-month efficacy, offering a new treatment option.

Rashad Ramy, Zhu Catherine, Kupcha Anna C et al.

Netarsudil for glaucoma can cause partial or complete punctal closure, reversible upon drug cessation. Clinicians should consider this potential side effect when treating patients.

Vajaranant Thasarat Sutabutr

Skov Anne Guldhammer, Rives Amalie Santaolalla, Freiberg Josefine et al.

This review found preserved and preservative-free beta-blockers have similar IOP-lowering. Preservative-free options may offer better ocular surface health, but stronger evidence is needed for definitive clinical recommendations.

Johnson Thomas V, Jampel Henry D

Mehran Nikki A, Sinha Sapna, Razeghinejad Reza

This review highlights three new glaucoma drugs (latanoprostene bunod, netarsudil, and their combination) with novel mechanisms that effectively lower intraocular pressure, offering new treatment options for patients.

Müller Luzia, Jensen Berit P, Bachmann Lucas M et al.

This study found the "tissue press method" is as effective as nasolacrimal occlusion in reducing systemic timolol absorption. This simpler technique offers a practical way to minimize side effects from eye drops.

Rahimy Ehsan, Ying Gui-Shuang, Pan Wei et al.

This study found aqueous-suppressing glaucoma drops trended toward better vision and retinal thickness reduction in nAMD patients receiving anti-VEGF, unlike outflow-increasing drops, warranting further investigation.

Khouri Albert S, Serle Janet B, Bacharach Jason et al.

Netarsudil once-daily was noninferior to timolol twice-daily for lowering IOP in glaucoma/ocular hypertension, offering a new effective, tolerable, and convenient treatment option without systemic heart rate effects.

Agnifili Luca, Brescia Lorenza, Mastropasqua Leonardo

Nanda Tavish, Rasool Nailyn, Callahan Alison B et al.

Timolol eye drops caused visual hallucinations in elderly, female glaucoma patients, resolving upon discontinuation. Clinicians should recognize this rare side effect, especially in susceptible patients, to avoid unnecessary investigations.

Patradul Chanikarn, Tantisevi Visanee, Manassakorn Anita

This study found older age, bimatoprost, travoprost, and timolol increased risk of prostaglandin-associated periorbitopathy (PAP), while higher BMI was protective. Clinically, these factors can help anticipate and manage PAP in glaucoma patients.

Xu Kunyong, Campbell Erica de L P, Gill Sudeep S et al.

Combination glaucoma therapies led to increased nonselective beta-blocker use, while selective beta-blocker use declined. This shift may impact patient safety, especially in vulnerable populations.

Mocan Mehmet C, Uzunosmanoglu Enes, Kocabeyoglu Sibel et al.

Long-term prostaglandin analog use for glaucoma is strongly associated with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction, suggesting PGAs worsen dry eye symptoms in these patients.

Yamamoto Tetsuya, Ikegami Toru, Ishikawa Yuji et al.

This study found a carteolol/latanoprost fixed combination significantly lowered IOP more effectively than either drug alone for glaucoma/ocular hypertension, offering a well-tolerated, superior treatment option.