Effects of ambient atmospheric pressure on intraocular pressure measured using a Goldman applanation tonometer in normal eyes under ordinary conditions.
Ikushima Toru, Iwase Aiko, Araie Makoto, Murata Hiroshi, Ueno Morio, Mori Kazuhiko, Ikeda Yoko, Mieno Hiroki, Sotozono Chie, Kinoshita Shigeru
AI Summary
This study found ambient atmospheric pressure positively correlates with Goldmann applanation tonometer-measured IOP in normal eyes. Clinically, this impact on IOP is likely minimal for individuals.
Abstract
Purpose
Little is known about the effects of ambient atmospheric pressure (AP) on intraocular pressure (IOP) under ordinary conditions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AP on Goldmann applanation tonometer-measured IOP (GAT-IOP) in normal eyes under everyday atmospheric conditions adjusting for effects of possible confounding factors including other climatic factors.
Methods
Data obtained from 2,431 normal healthy eyes of 2,431 subjects (mean age: 56.9 years) who participated in this population-based glaucoma survey in Japan were analyzed via multivariable linear regression analysis, where the GAT-IOP was the response variable; explanatory variables were the ocular and systemic factors and calendar factors reportedly correlated with GAT-IOP as well as AP, relative humidity, temperature, wind speed, and weather. The Bonferroni correction was adopted to obtain P values.
Results
Only AP of the outside air when each subject was examined was positively correlated with GAT-IOP (regression coefficient (RC) = 0.0460; P = 0.0051). Central corneal thickness, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure were positively correlated (RC = 0.0133, 0.0754, 0.0131; P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0016, respectively), and corneal curvature radius and age were negatively correlated (RC=-0.7017, -0.0225; P = 0.0144, P = 0.0111, respectively) with GAT-IOP. The seasonal effect on GAT-IOP was also significant (P < 0.0001), and in reference to winter, summer was correlated with lower GAT-IOP and spring was correlated with higher GAT-IOP (RC=-0.5133, 0.4590; P = 0.0087, P = 0.0001, respectively).
Conclusions
AP was found to have a significantly positive correlation with GAT-IOP in normal healthy eyes under ordinary conditions, though the actual impact of AP on IOP in normal individuals under ordinary conditions would be minimal.
MeSH Terms
Shields Classification
Key Concepts5
Only ambient atmospheric pressure (AP) of the outside air was positively correlated with Goldmann applanation tonometer-measured intraocular pressure (GAT-IOP) in 2,431 normal healthy eyes (regression coefficient (RC) = 0.0460; P = 0.0051).
Central corneal thickness (RC = 0.0133; P < 0.0001), body mass index (RC = 0.0754; P < 0.0001), and systolic blood pressure (RC = 0.0131; P = 0.0016) were positively correlated with Goldmann applanation tonometer-measured intraocular pressure (GAT-IOP) in 2,431 normal healthy eyes.
Corneal curvature radius (RC = -0.7017; P = 0.0144) and age (RC = -0.0225; P = 0.0111) were negatively correlated with Goldmann applanation tonometer-measured intraocular pressure (GAT-IOP) in 2,431 normal healthy eyes.
A significant seasonal effect on Goldmann applanation tonometer-measured intraocular pressure (GAT-IOP) was observed (P < 0.0001) in 2,431 normal healthy eyes, with summer correlated with lower GAT-IOP (RC = -0.5133; P = 0.0087) and spring correlated with higher GAT-IOP (RC = 0.4590; P = 0.0001) relative to winter.
The actual impact of ambient atmospheric pressure on intraocular pressure (IOP) in normal individuals under ordinary conditions was found to be minimal, despite a significantly positive correlation with Goldmann applanation tonometer-measured IOP (GAT-IOP).
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