Sigal Ian A

Waxman Susannah, Villafranca-Baughman Deborah, Phillippi Julie, Jakobs Tatjana C, Alarcon-Martinez Luis, Di Polo Adriana et al.

This review found pericytes exist in the optic nerve head across species, suggesting they are a promising, underexplored target for treating microvascular impairment in glaucoma.

Waxman Susannah, Schilpp Hannah, Linton Ashley, Jakobs Tatjana C, Sigal Ian A

Studying astrocytes in human-like lamina cribrosa versus mouse glial lamina, researchers found distinct branching complexity but similar size. This suggests LC astrocytes have unique roles in glaucoma initiation.

Lu Yuankai, Hua Yi, Wang Bingrui, Tian Qi, Zhong Fuqiang, Theophanous Andrew et al.

This study found that elevated IOP distorts the lamina cribrosa, significantly reducing its oxygenation and causing hypoxia. This suggests IOP-induced distortions contribute to glaucomatous nerve damage.

Bansal Manik, Wang Bingrui, Waxman Susannah, Zhong Fuqiang, Hua Yi, Lu Yuankai et al.

This study developed an axon-centric method to analyze IOP-induced mechanical insult. It found axons experience distinct, orientation-specific compression/stretch in different optic nerve head regions, unlike tissue-level strains, offering new insights into glaucoma damage.

Lu Yuankai, Hua Yi, Wang Bingrui, Zhong Fuqiang, Theophanous Andrew, Tahir Shaharoz et al.

This study simulated lamina cribrosa vessel collapse under high eye pressure. It found blood flow was sensitive to distributed collapse, while oxygenation was robust to it but vulnerable to clustered collapse.

Ji Fengting, Islam Mohammad R, Wang Bingrui, Hua Yi, Sigal Ian A

Monkey eye research found anterior lamina cribrosa insertions are sparser, narrower, and more slanted. This suggests weaker support, potentially explaining regional glaucoma susceptibility and LC deepening.

Voorhees Andrew P, Hua Yi, Brazile Bryn L, Wang Bingrui, Waxman Susannah, Schuman Joel S et al.

This study found that missing lamina cribrosa tissue (defects) can *reduce* IOP-induced neural tissue strain, challenging the idea that defects are always detrimental. Partial tissue loss was biomechanically worse than complete loss.

Boote Craig, Sigal Ian A, Grytz Rafael, Hua Yi, Nguyen Thao D, Girard Michael J A

This review highlights advances in understanding scleral structure and biomechanics, showing how age and diseases like glaucoma alter it. This knowledge is crucial for developing new therapies for vision disorders.

Sibony Patrick A, Wei Junchao, Sigal Ian A

Ocular movements cause significant shearing deformations in optic nerve head drusen, similar to healthy eyes, suggesting this repetitive stress may contribute to ONHD's visual and vascular complications.

Hua Yi, Voorhees Andrew P, Sigal Ian A

This study modeled optic nerve head biomechanics, finding IOP and CSFP are top influential factors, but affect the ONH differently. CSFP strongly impacts peripapillary scleral rotation, suggesting translaminar pressure difference isn't ideal for predicting glaucoma.

Jan Ning-Jiun, Gomez Celeste, Moed Saundria, Voorhees Andrew P, Schuman Joel S, Bilonick Richard A et al.

This study found the optic nerve's lamina cribrosa has small, uniform collagen crimp, unlike the adjacent sclera. This microstructural difference likely protects neural tissue by minimizing deformation and stress, crucial for glaucoma understanding.

Lucy Katie A, Wang Bo, Schuman Joel S, Bilonick Richard A, Ling Yun, Kagemann Larry et al.

This study found thicker prelaminar tissue significantly impairs lamina cribrosa visibility on OCT. Healthy eyes generally have thicker prelaminar tissue, potentially biasing LC comparisons.

Jan Ning-Jiun, Lathrop Kira, Sigal Ian A

This study used polarized light microscopy to map posterior pole collagen, revealing intricate lamina cribrosa structures and distinct radial/circumferential scleral fibers, offering new insights into glaucoma biomechanics.

Fortune Brad, Reynaud Juan, Hardin Christy, Wang Lin, Sigal Ian A, Burgoyne Claude F

Experimental glaucoma in monkeys caused significantly more optic nerve head neural rim thinning than peripapillary nerve fiber layer thinning, suggesting axon compression within the optic nerve head.

Wang Bo, Lucy Katie A, Schuman Joel S, Sigal Ian A, Bilonick Richard A, Kagemann Larry et al.

This study found lamina cribrosa beam thickness and pore diameter decrease with distance from the central retinal vessel trunk, with glaucoma eyes showing a significantly larger decrease, highlighting CRVT location's importance in glaucoma assessment.

Ho Leon C, Wang Bo, Conner Ian P, van der Merwe Yolandi, Bilonick Richard A, Kim Seong-Gi et al.

This study found excitotoxic retinal injury causes early optic nerve axonal degeneration and delayed demyelination, with anterograde degeneration throughout the visual pathway, detectable by MRI and OCT.

Wang Bo, Nevins Jessica E, Nadler Zach, Wollstein Gadi, Ishikawa Hiroshi, Bilonick Richard A et al.

OCT revealed that glaucomatous eyes show altered lamina cribrosa micro-architecture, with increased beam thickness/pore diameter ratio and pore diameter variability, reflecting structural damage and axonal loss.

Chen Chieh-Li, Ishikawa Hiroshi, Ling Yun, Wollstein Gadi, Bilonick Richard A, Xu Juan et al.

This study found signal normalization significantly reduced systematic retinal nerve fiber layer thickness differences between two OCT devices, improving measurement comparability for clinical and research use.

Chen Chieh-Li, Ishikawa Hiroshi, Wollstein Gadi, Ling Yun, Bilonick Richard A, Kagemann Larry et al.

This study developed a method to normalize OCT signals between two devices. It significantly reduced signal differences, improving direct comparability of OCT measurements across different devices for both healthy and glaucoma eyes.

Ishikawa Hiroshi, Chen Chieh-Li, Wollstein Gadi, Grimm Jonathan L, Ling Yun, Bilonick Richard A et al.

This study developed an HDR-based method that significantly reduced OCT measurement variability in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, especially for images with moderate signal loss, improving diagnostic reliability.

Sigal Ian A, Flanagan John G, Lathrop Kira L, Tertinegg Inka, Bilonick Richard

This study found the lamina cribrosa's insertion into the pia mater is common but *decreases* with age, not increases. This challenges prior assumptions about age-related optic nerve head biomechanics.

Francis Andrew W, Kagemann Larry, Wollstein Gadi, Ishikawa Hiroshi, Folz Steven, Overby Darryl R et al.

SD-OCT precisely visualizes aqueous humor outflow structures, revealing a hexagonal microvasculature network comparable to corrosion casts. This allows detailed in-vivo study of outflow pathways relevant to glaucoma.

Kagemann Larry, Wollstein Gadi, Ishikawa Hiroshi, Nadler Zachary, Sigal Ian A, Folio Lindsey S et al.

Commercial SD-OCT can visualize the human eye's aqueous outflow pathways (Schlemm's canal and distal structures) in 3D. This offers unprecedented insights into glaucoma's outflow dysfunction.

Sigal Ian A, Grimm Jonathan L

This study found five key mechanical effects of IOP on the optic nerve head, simplifying how we understand and investigate glaucoma's biomechanical impact.

Sigal Ian A, Bilonick Richard A, Kagemann Larry, Wollstein Gadi, Ishikawa Hiroshi, Schuman Joel S et al.

This study modeled optic nerve head responses to IOP changes, finding it's a robust system. Despite structural variations, most ONHs exhibit stable, common biomechanical responses, suggesting tolerance to individual differences in glaucoma.